Beer-Lambert law

The Beer-Lambert law is a physical law that describes how the amount of light energy from a source passes through a transparent substance. It establishes a relationship between the intensity of the incoming light, the intensity of the outgoing light and the concentration of the substance through which the light passes. It is formulated as follows: I = I0 * e^(-kcx) where I is the outgoing light intensity, I0 is the incoming light intensity, k is the absorption constant of the substance, c is the concentration of the substance and x is the thickness of the substance. The Beer-Lambert law is used in many fields, including spectrophotometry, which is a technique used to measure the concentration of chemical substances using light. It is used to analyze blood, urine and tissue samples to detect diseases, infections and metabolic disorders. It is also used to analyze materials for optical properties, for industrial applications such as the manufacture of glass products and pigments.